بررسی وشناسایی محتوای برنامه‌های درسی مبتنی محیط زیست

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسنده

علوم تربیتی دانشگاه فرهنگیان،ساری .ایران

چکیده

از جمله مسائلی که برای سالیان دراز در طی چندین دهه، ذهن برنامه‌ریزان را به خود جلب کرده پدیده محیط زیست است. امروزه توجه به محیط زیست، بیش از هر زمان دیگر ضرورت دارد و این یک ضرورت اجتماعی و انسانی است که در جهت افزایش دانش اجتماعی، در زمینه محیط زیست گام‌های اساسی برداشته شود .یکی از راه‌های اساسی رسیدن به این مفهوم، یعنی شناساندن اهمیت محیط زیست و منابع طبیعی و هم‌چنین راه‌های حفظ و احیای آن، انعکاس مسائل فوق در متون درسی است. در کشور ما که بخش بسیار مهمی از وسعت آن را مراتع و منابع طبیعی تشکیل می‌دهد، نیاز به انعکاس بهتر این مسائل در کتاب‌های درسی مقاطع تحصیلی بیشتر احساس می‌شود و در واقع محتوای متون درسی به‌عنوان پیش درآمدی در تبیین نگرش‌های دانش آموزان، نسبت به محیط زیست است .

باتوجه به‌این‌که بسیاری ازمسائل مربوط به آداب معاشرت و احترام به بزرگترها و تشخیص ملاک‌های خوب از بد، در دوره کودکی به آسانی آموخته می‌شود، گنجاندن موضوعات آموزش محیط‌زیست در برنامه‌های درسی مدارس ابتدایی، می‌تواند عکس‌العمل‌های مناسب و معقولانه‌ای ایجاد کند

در واقع برنامه درسی، وسیله‌ای جهت اجرای آموزش‌های زیست محیطی است تا از این طریق، دانش آموزان بتوانند مفاهیم و ادراکات زیست محیطی خود را توسعه دهند و از طریق این ادراک بتوانند با زندگی روزمره خود، ارتباط برقرار کرده و نسبت به اینکه تمام جنبه‌های محیطی با هم در ارتباطند، یک آگاهی و شناختی به دست آورند .

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات


عنوان مقاله [English]

Examining and identifying the content of environment-based curricula

نویسنده [English]

  • hamze abar
Educational Sciences, Farhangian University, Sari, Iran
چکیده [English]

Among the issues that have attracted the minds of planners for many years in several decades is the phenomenon of the environment. Today, it is necessary to pay attention to the environment more than ever, and it is a social and human necessity to take basic steps in the field of the environment in order to increase social knowledge. One of the basic ways to reach this concept is That is, recognizing the importance of the environment and natural resources, as well as the ways of preserving and revitalizing it, is the reflection of the above issues in the textbooks. In our country, where pastures and natural resources form a very important part of its area, the need for a better reflection of these issues in the textbooks of educational levels is felt more, and in fact, the content of the textbooks is a precursor in Explaining students' attitudes towards the environment.

Considering that many issues related to social etiquette and respect for elders and distinguishing good from bad are easily learned during childhood, including environmental education topics in primary school curricula. It can create appropriate and reasonable reactions

In fact, the curriculum is a means to implement environmental education so that students can develop their environmental concepts and perceptions and through this perception, they can communicate with their daily life and relate to that all environmental aspects are related to each other, to gain an awareness and knowledge.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Education
  • environment
  • curriculum
  • curriculum content
Adibi N. Evaluating environmental consequences in the light of laws and regulations. Scientific Journal of Environment and Development, 2008;  2(3):29-23. [Persian]
Broumand M. Internati2015onal environmental education, history, basic knowledge and its educational methods. Tehran: UNESCO National Commission in Iran. 1991. [Persian]
Jafarzadeh N, Yazdanpanah N. The importance of environmental education to children: the first conference on environmental development culture solutions. 2013. [Persian]
Khurshiddoost AM. Foreword to the book Environmental Education in the 21st Century, authored by Joey Palmer, Tehran: Samt. 2002. [Persian]
Davari P. The comprehensive environmental education program (with the approach of the vision document of the country's development plan). District and University Quarterly, 2015;(24, 23): 223-246. [Persian]
The twenty-year vision document of the Islamic Republic of Iran. East Azerbaijan, Basij Asatid. 2009. [Persian]
Sanaee M. Review and evaluation of environmental education programs in the country. Summary of the selected articles of the first national conference on environmental education in Iran, Tehran: Qab Sabz Cultural Institute. 2012. [Persian]
Eyni Mehran N. Analysis of the content of Persian textbooks and elementary science in relation to the environment and its protection. Master's thesis of Shahid Beheshti University, Tehran. 2008. [Persian]
Fathi, Ajargah K. Principles of lesson planning, Tehran: Iran Zemin. 2006.[Persian]
Ghazavi M, Liaghatdar MJ, Abedi A. Analysis of the content of experimental science books of elementary school in terms of attention to environmental problems. Education Quarterly, 2007; (28). 152-128. [Persian]
Naeli MA. Motivation and organizations. First Edition. Ahvaz: Shahid Chamran University. 994. [Persian]
Elliot J.  Developing community – focused environmental. 2004
Kastova Z, Atasoy E. Methods of Successful Learning in Environment Education. Journal of theory and practice in education 2008; 4(1): 49-78.
Negra C, Maning RE. Incorporating environment behavior       ethics and values into non formal environment educational programs. The Journal of environment education. 2004.
Taylor Ch. Environmental Education in Primary Education: status and trends in southern and eastern Africa. Environmental Education Research, 2010; 4(2): 201-215.
UNESCO. The International workshop on Environmental Education Final Report, Belgrade, Yugoslavia, Paris: UNESCO/ UNEP. 2007